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# NVMe Adapter Swap — Z840 Step-by-Step

**Date:** 2026-08-18  
**Goal:** Replace £8.99 x1-traced NVMe adapter with JEYI x4 adapter in slot 80:00.0  
**Expected gain:** 890 MB/s → ~3,500 MB/s (4× faster model loads)  
**Downtime:** ~10 minutes  

## Pre-Shutdown (remote)

```bash
# 1. Stop Ollama
sudo systemctl stop ollama

# 2. Verify nothing on /models
sudo lsof /models 2>/dev/null  # should be empty

# 3. Unmount
sudo umount /models

# 4. Confirm NVMe device still visible (don't detach yet)
ls /dev/nvme0n1

# 5. POWER OFF (not reboot — you need to open the case)
sudo poweroff
```

## Physical Swap (at the machine)

1. **Open case** — Z840 side panel release latch
2. **Slot 00:02.0** (top x16 slot) — remove old NVMe + adapter
3. **Transfer NVMe** to JEYI x4 adapter (M.2 2280, secure with screw)
4. **Slot 80:00.0** — install JEYI adapter (second CPU's x4 slot, middle area)
   - Wiki says 80:00.0 is x4 and empty — verify visually
   - If 80:00.0 isn't free, use 00:1c.4 (also x4, also empty)
5. **Close case**, power on

## Post-Boot (remote)

```bash
# 1. Check NVMe detected
sudo nvme list
# Should show KIOXIA 931GB

# 2. Check PCIe link speed (should be x4 now!)
sudo lspci -vvv -s $(lspci | grep NVMe | awk '{print $1}') | grep LnkSta
# Expect: Speed 8GT/s, Width x4

# 3. Mount (UUID unchanged — same NVMe, new adapter)
sudo mount /models
# Or: sudo mount UUID=91d71314-2c10-4580-ae63-3e06d886205a

# 4. Verify data intact
ls /models/ollama/manifests/

# 5. Start Ollama
sudo systemctl start ollama

# 6. Verify models load
ollama list
ollama run qwopus-mccoder --verbose "hello" 2>&1 | head -5

# 7. Benchmark (optional)
dd if=/models/ollama/blobs/sha256-262843d4806aeb402336980badd414a72576b20b1e5d537647da15f16c4a4df of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1000
# Should show ~3.0-3.5 GB/s
```

## Key Details

| Item | Value |
|------|-------|
| NVMe | KIOXIA 931GB (nvme0n1) |
| Partition | nvme0n1p1 (931.5GB, ext4) |
| UUID | 91d71314-2c10-4580-ae63-3e06d886205a |
| Mount | /models (fstab: UUID mount, noatime) |
| Old adapter | £8.99 x1-traced PCIe "x4" (890 MB/s) |
| New adapter | JEYI M.2 NVMe → PCIe x4, aluminium heatsink (£7.09) |
| Old slot | 00:02.0 (x16, currently wasted on x1 card) |
| New slot | 80:00.0 (x4, proper speed) |
| Ollama path | /models/ollama |
| fstab | `UUID=91d71314-2c10-4580-ae63-3e06d886205a /models ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2` |

## After Swap — P40 Plan

Slot 00:02.0 is now **free** for P40 #1 (one of three x16 slots).
Full P40 plan: 00:02.0 + 00:03.0 + 80:02.0 → 3× Tesla P40 (72GB Vulkan).
3060s → Z600.